IRL25 Exploring Justice, determination and Liberty: Foreign Occupation in Afghanistan

Aims and skills targeted​

The aims of this learning experience were to deepen students’ understanding of the concepts of justice, determination, and liberty through a real-world context, and to develop their ability to think critically about complex global issues. Students developed key skills including critical thinking, research and analysis, public speaking, active listening, teamwork, and structured argumentation. They also learned formal debating skills such as following rules, using appropriate format and structure, and presenting reasoned arguments supported by evidence.

Description 

Students first attended a talk delivered by a soldier who shared his personal experiences working in Afghanistan during the period of foreign occupation. The talk focused on themes of justice, determination, and liberty, and provided students with first-hand insights into the realities of military service and the impact of foreign involvement in Afghanistan.​

Following the talk, students participated in a workshop on debating. During this session, they learned the rules, format, and structure of formal debates, including how to construct arguments, present rebuttals, and respect opposing viewpoints.  Given tips such as Research thoroughly: Understand Afghanistan’s history, key events (e.g., Soviet occupation, U.S.-led intervention, Taliban rule), and global perspectives. ​

Anticipate counterarguments: Think about what the other team will say and prepare responses. ​

Stay respectful: Attack ideas, not people. ​

Practice timing: Make sure everyone’s part fits within the 10-minute limit. ​

Engage the audience: Use rhetorical questions or striking facts. ​

Using the knowledge gained from the soldier’s talk and the debating workshop, students then took part in a structured debate on the topic: “Foreign Occupation in Afghanistan: Beneficial or Harmful?” Students were assigned to opposing sides and were encouraged to use factual information, logical reasoning, and persuasive language to support their positions.  Given sample arguments such as Proposing Team (For Foreign Occupation), Helped remove oppressive regimes and terrorists (e.g., Taliban in 2001). Brought education, infrastructure, and women’s rights improvements. Provided international aid and global awareness. Helped train Afghan security forces and institutions. 

Results

The debate was conducted successfully, with students demonstrating a clear understanding of the topic and applying the debating skills they had learned. Most students were able to present coherent arguments, engage respectfully with opposing views, and respond effectively through rebuttal. The activity enhanced students’ confidence in public speaking and their ability to discuss sensitive and complex issues in a balanced and informed manner. Overall, the experience contributed positively to students’ understanding of global justice issues and strengthened their communication and critical thinking skills.  Students awarded certificates.